3 DPE - Different points of reference for ethics

Last updated: 2024/12/18

This learning unit shows that there is not just one ethics, but many. Therefore, the difference between descriptive and normative (prescriptive) as well as material and formal ethics is first explained. Subsequently, different points of reference for ethics are presented. These provide criteria for what can be justified as ethically required behaviour. Finally, the function and significance of practical judgement is discussed.

Learning­objectives

Learning objectives

After completing this learning unit, you should:

• be able to explain what normative ethics is and how it differs from descriptive ethics.
• be able to distinguish between material and formal ethics.
• know and be able to explain different points of reference and therefore criteria for ethical behaviour.
• know what practical judgement means and what it is needed for.

outline

Outline

This learning unit is of explanatory nature. The aim is to introduce different theories of ethics. As a rule, ethical theories differ in their reference points used to determine which central criterion is used as a basis for evaluating an action as an ethically sound action. However, the fundamental difference between descriptive ethics and prescriptive or justifying (normative) ethics is clarified in advance. The distinction between formal ethics (open in content) and material ethics (predetermined in content) is also made in advance. This learning unit concludes by demonstrating the importance of practical judgement.

You will need approx. 90 minutes to work through the learning unit and approx. 150 minutes to complete the exercises.